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Cerebral ischemia occurs following the occlusion of a
2024-01-30
Cerebral ischemia occurs following the occlusion of a cerebral artery by a thrombus and causes cell swelling due to cytotoxic edema and BBB disruption with vasogenic edema (Loreto and Reggio, 2010, Nakaji et al., 2006, Shibata et al., 2004). Vasogenic edema is directly linked to alteration of the BB
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br Results Four HT esters butyrate caprylate
2024-01-30
Results Four HT esters (butyrate, caprylate, laurate and stearate esters) were chosen as representative compounds of increasing lipophilicity (Fig. 1). We will refer to them as C4HT, C8HT, C12HT and C18HT, respectively. They have been synthesized, purified and characterized according to our previ
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To investigate if WP increased CAT
2024-01-30
To investigate if WP increased CAT activity in cells, C2C12 muscle PCI-34051 were treated with 0.1 to 0.4 mg/mL of WP (80.05% protein) for 24 h and then stressed with 0.75 mM H2O2 for 1 h (Xu et al., 2011). The CAT activity was significantly enhanced from 15.1 ± 0.7 to 23.7 ± 1.3 U/mg of total cell
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There are no studies documented
2024-01-30
There are no studies documented the role of RAS in the differentiation of MSCs into IPCs but there are previous studies indicating that Ang II receptors exhibit opposing actions on MSCs differentiation, into other cell types rather than IPCs. The blockade of AT2R was reported to suppress MSCs differ
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Although many factors influence the effects of
2024-01-30
Although many factors influence the effects of medications, during recent years it has become evident that genetic factors could explain the differences between individuals in drug response. These differences are due to variants in genes encoding drug targets [8]. The challenge for pharmacogenetics
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A unique finding in this study
2024-01-30
A unique finding in this study is that 12/15-LO influences CREB phosphorylation in the murine brain. While previous reports have found that knockout of 5-lipoxygenase, a related enzyme that also uses arachidonic calcein am synthesis for substrate, can regulate CREB phosphoryation in the context of
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br Preliminary remarks Expression of the transcription facto
2024-01-29
Preliminary remarks Expression of the transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and the AHR-repressor (AHRR) are both strikingly high in the FRAX486 synthesis of barrier organs skin and gut [1,2]. It is generally assumed that this reflects their role in linking environmental factors t
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MS023 br Parkinson s Disease and the immune system Parkinson
2024-01-29
Parkinson’s Disease and the immune system Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, after Alzheimer’s, which affects 10 million people globally and is characterized by rigidity, bradykinesia, tremors, and gait instability (O’sullivan et al., 2007). The patholo
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Norepinephrine and epinephrine are catecholamines CA release
2024-01-29
Norepinephrine and epinephrine are catecholamines (CA) released from synaptic nerves and the adrenal gland that mediate systemic responses to nutritional stressors (Cannon and De la Paz, 1911). CA mobilize plasma glucose by suppressing insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cell (Katada and Ui, 198
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AdipoR and AdipoR have been reported to be present in
2024-01-29
AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 have been reported to be present in almost all type of tissues and low nisin levels have been observed in white adipose tissue (Inukai et al., 2005). These receptors have been observed to become deregulated with the onset of obesity, resulting in a reduced level of APN expression
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Similar to V the temporal neocortex of mammals
2024-01-29
Similar to V1, the temporal neocortex of mammals, including the primary auditory cortex (A1), is densely innervated by 5-HT fibers originating mainly in the dorsal raphe nucleus (Campbell et al., 1987, Harding and Paxinos, 2004, Törk, 1990), and the major 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol mg of 5-HTRs are
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Adenosine A A agonists have been
2024-01-29
Adenosine A2A agonists have been shown to significantly reduce albuminuria in diabetic mice as well as plasma creatinine [24]. Proteinuria was greater in diabetic A2A knock-out (KO) mice than diabetic wild type (WT) mice [24]. Consistent with these findings, our laboratory initially found that prote
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br Acknowledgments This work was supported by the
2024-01-29
Acknowledgments This work was supported by the R&D Program of the Institutional Research Program of KRICT (SI1701-02), and by the Next generation carbon upcycling project of Ministry of Science and ICT. JSC is kindly grateful to the National Research Council of Science and Technology (NST) for fi
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There are several reports about the expression of AChRs and
2024-01-29
There are several reports about the expression of AChRs and their modulation to osteogenic factors in osteoblasts (Rothem et al., 2011, Sato et al., 2010, Walker et al., 2001). The normal osteocytic MLO-Y4 jnk inhibitor expressed multiple subtypes, which was demonstrated by the detection of M1, M2,
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It is already established in the literature
2024-01-29
It is already established in the literature that products synthesized by 5-LO, such as lipoxin A4, can activate PPARγ in a setting of experimental stroke [43]. Interestingly, experiments using 5-LO knockout mice in an endotoxemia model to mimic septic conditions, demonstrated reduced multiple organ
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