• br Transparency document br Introduction G

  2023-10-07

  

  Transparency document Introduction G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise a diverse family of seven transmembrane domain-containing receptors represented by over 800 genes in humans. GPCRs respond to a range of stimuli, including peptides, hormones, growth factors, lipids, odorants, and

• AdipoR and AdipoR have been reported to be present

  2023-10-07

  

  AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 have been reported to be present in almost all type of tissues and low SLIGKV-NH2 levels have been observed in white adipose tissue (Inukai et al., 2005). These receptors have been observed to become deregulated with the onset of obesity, resulting in a reduced level of APN expre

• The obtained results indicate that even when the

  2023-10-07

  

  The obtained results indicate that even when the impairment of the same forms of memory are present, amnesia can develop in different ways. Impairment of memory reconsolidation in the conditioned food aversion model through both the serotonin receptor antagonist and the antagonist of NMDA glutamate

• The use of a single well identified molecule

  2023-10-07

  

  The use of a single well-identified molecule to induce AChR clusters formation can simplify complicated cell manipulation procedures and may provide a more efficient means of developing biological substitutes for functional muscle tissue restoration in vivo. Pharmacological approaches dealing with b

• br Experimental Procedures br Acknowledgments br Introductio

  2023-10-07

  

  Experimental Procedures Acknowledgments Introduction Synapses are fundamental units for efficient communication between neurons and their target cells. Despite significant progress in understanding the structure of matured synapses, less is known about the mechanisms by which neurotransmitt

• br STAR Methods br Author Contributions

  2023-10-07

  

  STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments We thank Antony M. Dean for initial discussions and encouragement concerning ancestral sequence reconstruction. We also thank Natalie K. Goto for constructive criticism concerning the manuscript, Steven M. Sine for providing NB-598 hydrochlo

• The hippocampus is the primary brain structure involved in l

  2023-10-07

  

  The hippocampus is the primary brain structure involved in learning and memory. The role of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in neurological processes in cognition and depression has been extensively demonstrated. Synaptophysin is a critical substance in synaptogenesis, which is necessary for learnin

• For both the hydroxylation and lyase reactions

  2023-10-07

  

  For both, the 17α-hydroxylation and 17, 20-lyase reactions, the heme iron center of P450 17A1 receives electron reducing equivalents from CPR. Both reactions require one pair of electrons and molecular oxygen for the conversion of the substrate into product in each catalytic cycle. However, the 17,2

• Defining the multiple roles of autophagy in stroke has been

  2023-10-07

  

  Defining the multiple roles of autophagy in stroke has been a rapidly evolving and exciting venue for translational research, with innovative products being applied from bench to bedside. Spanning pharmacological pathway manipulation and functional experimental validation, altered autophagy activati

• br Aurora kinases br Wnt

  2023-10-07

  

  Aurora kinases Wnt signaling pathway The signal transduction pathway of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in embryogenesis to control cell differentiation and tumorigenesis [39]. A recent report indicates that 90% of colorectal cancer occur due to the activation of the Wn

• It is well known that neurosteroids such

  2023-10-07

  

  It is well-known that neurosteroids such as testosterone and their metabolites endogenously modulate neural excitability in animals and humans. Testosterone has protective effects against seizures induced by KA and PTZ (Frye et al., 2001b; Reddy, 2004b). Estrogens, on the other hand, have proconvuls

• br Concluding remarks It is clear that

  2023-10-07

  

  Concluding remarks It is clear that a disordered l-arginine homeostasis by changes in arginase, NOS and ADMA activity and expression, is not only vital in the chronic airway diseases, Icotinib and COPD, but also seems to play an important role in many co-morbidities. Unknown, however, is whether

• In order to determine whether the faster Rh induced

  2023-10-07

  

  In order to determine whether the faster Rh2-induced apoptosis is specific of cholesterol depletion, we determined the cytotoxic effect of Rh2 in PXD 101 depleted or not in sphingomyelin, another abundant plasma membrane lipid exhibiting enrichment in lipid rafts. We showed that, in contrast to cho

• Wound healing without blastema formation causes partial rest

  2023-10-07

  

  Wound healing without blastema formation causes partial restoration of lost tissue, and gives rise to fibrotic scars. Healing by fibrotic scarring rather than by regeneration leads to tissue dysfunction, and can place a huge burden for the health of the animal [4]. Therefore, understanding the molec

• br Conclusion We present here the first

  2023-10-07

  

  Conclusion We present here the first comprehensive analysis of B-Raf-induced transcriptional activation in insulinoma cells. The B-Raf-induced signaling cascade targets the c-Fos and the c-Jun genes. Both gene products are constituents of the AP-1 transcription factor. The phosphatases MKP-1 and

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